The vihuela de arco was an instrument that mimicked the violin, and the vihuela de Penola was played with a plectrum or by hand. Later, Spanish writers distinguished these instruments into two categories of vihuelas.
Vihuelas were string instruments that were commonly seen in the 16th century during the Renaissance. The earliest string instruments related to the guitar and its structure were broadly known as vihuelas within Spanish musical culture. As these have their own resonances, they amplify some overtones more strongly than others, affecting the timbre of the resulting sound.Ī reconstruction of a medieval gittern, the first guitar-like instrument ( Overtones are also present, closely related to harmonics of the fundamental pitch.) The string causes the soundboard and the air enclosed by the sound box to vibrate. Plucking a string causes it to vibrate at a fundamental pitch determined by the string's length, mass, and tension. Guitar strings may be plucked individually with a pick (plectrum) or fingertip, or strummed to play chords. In standard tuning the guitar's six strings are tuned (low to high) E 2 A 2 D 3 G 3 B 3 E 4. Typically, a guitar's body is a sound box, of which the top side serves as a sound board that enhances the vibration sounds of the strings. The original, general term for this stringed instrument is guitar, and the retronym 'acoustic guitar' distinguishes it from an electric guitar, which relies on electronic amplification. It is also transmitted to the side and back of the instrument, resonating through the air in the body, and producing sound from the sound hole. When a string is plucked its vibration is transmitted from the bridge, resonating throughout the top of the guitar. An acoustic guitar is a musical instrument in the string family.
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